The Upanishads are a collection of ancient Indian texts that form the philosophical underpinnings of Hinduism. They are considered to be the concluding part of the Vedas, which are the oldest sacred scriptures of Hindu tradition. Composed between 800 BCE and 200 BCE, the Upanishads marked a significant shift from ritualistic practices to spiritual and philosophical inquiry. These texts explore profound concepts such as the nature of reality, the self, and the ultimate truth, or Brahman. They delve into complex metaphysical discussions and seek to provide answers to existential questions about the meaning and purpose of life.
The Mahabharata is an ancient Indian epic that holds immense significance in the literary and cultural heritage of India. Composed by the sage Vyasa, it is one of the longest epics in world literature. The narrative intricately weaves together the complexities of human nature, duty, and morality through the tale of the Kurukshetra War between the Pandavas and the Kauravas. Rich with philosophical discourses, particularly the Bhagavad Gita, the Mahabharata provides profound insights into dharma (righteousness) and karma (action). Its timeless wisdom continues to influence and inspire countless generations, making it a cornerstone of Indian philosophy and ethics.
The Four Vedas
English Translation
1. Rig Veda – RT Griffith
2. Yajur Veda – AB Keith
3. Hymns of Sama Veda – RT Griffith
4. Hymns of Atharva Veda – M Bloomfield
The Ramayana is an ancient Indian epic that narrates the journey of Prince Rama to rescue his wife, Sita, from the demon king Ravana. Composed by the sage Valmiki, it is a cornerstone of Hindu literature and spiritual philosophy. The epic delineates themes of duty, righteousness, and devotion, offering profound moral lessons. Its influence extends beyond religion, permeating Indian art, culture, and societal values. The Ramayana's timeless narrative continues to inspire countless adaptations in literature, theater, and film, underscoring its enduring significance in the cultural and spiritual fabric of India and beyond.